{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-23531", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T18:22:43.981Z", "datePublished": "2026-01-19T17:01:01.380Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-19T17:01:01.380Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "FreeRDP has heap-buffer-overflow in clear_decompress", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-122", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P", "version": "4.0"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-xj5h-9cr5-23c5", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-xj5h-9cr5-23c5"}, {"name": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/38514dfa5813aa945a86cfbcec279033f8394468/libfreerdp/codec/clear.c#L1139-L1145", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/38514dfa5813aa945a86cfbcec279033f8394468/libfreerdp/codec/clear.c#L1139-L1145"}, {"name": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/releases/tag/3.21.0", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/releases/tag/3.21.0"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "FreeRDP", "product": "FreeRDP", "versions": [{"version": "< 3.21.0", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-19T17:01:01.380Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.21.0, in ClearCodec, when `glyphData` is present, `clear_decompress` calls `freerdp_image_copy_no_overlap` without validating the destination rectangle, allowing an out-of-bounds read/write via crafted RDPGFX surface updates. A malicious server can trigger a client\u2011side heap buffer overflow, causing a crash (DoS) and potential heap corruption with code\u2011execution risk depending on allocator behavior and surrounding heap layout. Version 3.21.0 contains a patch for the issue."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-xj5h-9cr5-23c5", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}}}

{}

{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.21.0, in ClearCodec, when `glyphData` is present, `clear_decompress` calls `freerdp_image_copy_no_overlap` without validating the destination rectangle, allowing an out-of-bounds read/write via crafted RDPGFX surface updates. A malicious server can trigger a client\u2011side heap buffer overflow, causing a crash (DoS) and potential heap corruption with code\u2011execution risk depending on allocator behavior and surrounding heap layout. Version 3.21.0 contains a patch for the issue."}], "id": "CVE-2026-23531", "lastModified": "2026-01-19T17:15:50.897", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 7.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-01-19T17:15:50.897", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/38514dfa5813aa945a86cfbcec279033f8394468/libfreerdp/codec/clear.c#L1139-L1145"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/releases/tag/3.21.0"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-xj5h-9cr5-23c5"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-122"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "freerdp: FreeRDP: Heap buffer overflow via crafted RDPGFX surface updates leads to denial of service and potential code execution.", "id": "2430887", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2430887"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.6", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-122", "details": ["A flaw was found in FreeRDP. A malicious server can exploit an out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability in the ClearCodec component by sending crafted RDPGFX surface updates. This can trigger a client-side heap buffer overflow, leading to a crash (Denial of Service (DoS)) and potential heap corruption with a risk of arbitrary code execution. For this vulnerability to be exploited, a client must connect to a maliciously-configured server."], "name": "CVE-2026-23531", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "freerdp", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "freerdp", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "freerdp", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "freerdp", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "freerdp", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2026-01-19T17:01:01Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-23531\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23531\nhttps://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/38514dfa5813aa945a86cfbcec279033f8394468/libfreerdp/codec/clear.c#L1139-L1145\nhttps://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/releases/tag/3.21.0\nhttps://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-xj5h-9cr5-23c5"], "statement": "For this vulnerability to be exploited, a client must connect to a maliciously-configured server. Red Hat recommends that FreeRDP clients are only used to connect to trusted servers.", "threat_severity": "Important"}